Taziya Kya Hai?
Taziya ek mazar jaisa saakht shuda dhanchah hota hai jo khas tor par South Asia mein Muharram ke jalooson mein istemal hota hai. Yeh Karbala ke shaheedon, khas tor par Imam Hussain (R.A) ki yaad mein gham aur soz ka nishaan hota hai, jo wahan jang mein shaheed hue the. “Taziya” lafz Arabic ke lafz “aza” se nikla hai, jiska matlab hai “marhoomeen ko yaad karna.”
Taziyen aam tor par bamboo, rang birangi kaghaz, transparent paper, papier mache ya chamkile tinsel se banaye jaate hain. Yeh chhoti dua wali taziyon se le kar bade jaloosi taziyon tak mukhtalif size mein hoti hain.
Taziya Ka Pehla Zikr
Tareekhi riwayat mein ek naam milta hai – Mukhtar Saqafi, jise kuch ulama Kazzaab aur chhota Dajjal qarar dete hain. Yeh shakhs Taba’een ke daur ka tha aur us par jhooti nabuwat ka dawa karne ka ilzam bhi hai. Riwayat ke mutabiq, Mukhtar Saqafi ne pehli dafa Taziya ka concept pesh kiya, lekin wo amal ma’roof nahi ho saka.
Taziyadari Ki Tareekh – Badshah Taimurlang
“Aizaad zarurat ki maa hai” – is mashhoor maqoolay ka ek misaali waqiya Hindustan ki tareekh mein dekha gaya jab Badshah Taimurlang ne pehli martaba Taziya banwane ka hukm diya. Lekin sawal uthta hai: Taimurlang ko Taziya banwane ki zarurat kyun mehsoos hui?
Taimurlang ka taluq Shia mazhab se tha aur wo har saal Muharram ke mahine mein Karbala, Iraq jaakar Roza-e-Imam Hussain (رضی اللّٰہ تعالیٰ عنہ) ki ziyarat kiya karta tha. Lekin ek saal wo sangat bimari ke sabab safar na kar saka. Kehte hain us waqt ya to Taimur ne khud hukm diya ya uske wazeer ne Badshah ko khush karne ke liye Karbala ke roza ka naqal (replica) tyaar karwaya.
Yahi wo pehla Taziya tha jo Hindustan mein banwaya gaya – taake Badshah apni roohani lagan aur mohabbat ko zinda rakh sake.
Taimur Ke Baad Taziya Ka Farogh
Taimurlang ke baad ye riwayat sirf Hindustan tak mehdood na rahi balki Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan aur kayi aur mumalik tak phel gayi. Aam logon ne bhi Taziyadari ko aza o gham ke izhar ke taur par ikhtiyar kiya.
Lekin ye baat bhi aham hai ke Taimur ne sirf asal naqsh banwaya tha, lekin aaj jo Taziya awaam ke darmiyan dikhayi dete hain, wo asal rooh se mukhtalif hain. Badi tadaad mein ye sirf rasm aur riwayat ban kar reh gaye hain, jinka ta’alluq ilm o baseerat se nahi.
Kaunsa Taziya Banaya Jaaye? Asal Haqiqat Kya Hai?
Taziya Ki Asal Soorat
Taziya ka asal Roza-e-Imam Hussain (رضی اللّٰہ تعالیٰ عنہ) ka naqsh hai. Jab Taimurlang apni bimari ke sabab Karbala na ja saka, to usne ya uske wazeer ne hukm diya ke Roza-e-Hussain ka naqsh banaya jaye taake muhabbat ka izhar ho aur uske dil ko tasalli mile.
Yani Taziya ka asal maqsad tha:
- Yaad-e-Imam Hussain (رضی اللّٰہ تعالیٰ عنہ)
- Roohani lagan aur mohabbat ka izhar
- Asal Roza ka tajassus
Aaj Ke Daur Ke Taziyadari Ka Rukh
Lekin aaj ke zamane mein jo Taziya banaye jaate hain, unka na to naqsh Roza-e-Hussain se milta hai aur na hi unmein wo adab, shanakht ya maqasid nazar aate hain jo shuruat mein thay. Rang-birangi taziyat, ajeeb-o-ghareeb design, aur naach-gaane ke saath chalne wali juloos – yeh sab asal maqsad se door ho chuke hain.
Sharai Hukum Kya Kehta Hai?
Is silsile mein kuch fuqaha aur ulama ki raaye yeh hai:
“Agar Taziya asal Roza ka naqsh hai, adab ke saath banaaya gaya hai, aur is mein koi bid’ah ya haram cheez nahi, to is mein fazilat ki niyyat se gunjaish ho sakti hai. Lekin agar Taziya ka naqsh asal Roza se mukhtalif ho, aur usmein rasmiyat, riya ka anasir, ya haraam ka amal ho to uska banana na-jaiz (haram) hai.”
🔹 Banana haraam hai, lekin banane wala kafir nahi hota, jab tak ke wo is amal ko deen ka hissa ya wajib na samjhe.
🔹 Lekin haram kaam ka irtikab gunaah hai, aur haram amal ka gunah us shakhs ko zarur milega.
Yeh raaye aise ulama ki hai jo fiqhi masail ko qawaid ke zariye samjhte hain. Har amal ka hukm niyyat, soorat, aur asar dekh kar diya jata hai.
Muharram Mein Kya Jaiz Hai?
Muharram-ul-Haraam Islam ka pehla mahina hai jo ke fazilat, sabr aur yaad-e-Karbala ka paigham deta hai. Is mahine mein kai aise amal hain jo shar‘an jaiz, sawab aur mustahab hain. Aayiye dekhte hain:
Niyaaz aur Fatiha
- Imam Hussain (رضی اللّٰہ تعالیٰ عنہ) aur Ahl-e-Bayt ke naam par niyaaz o fatiha karna jaiz hi nahi, mustahab aur sawab ka kaam hai.
- Lekin yaad rahe:
Taziya ke samne fatiha nahi, balki ghar ya kisi aur paak jagah par adab ke saath ki jaye.
Dalil: Ye amal Qur’an aur Sunnat ke usoolon ke mutabiq hai – jisme Allah ke nek bandon ke sadqe mein khair mangna aur unki yaad me khairat dena musalsal chalta aaya hai.
Sabeel Aur Langar Dena
- Imam Hussain aur unke Ashaab 3 din tak pyase aur bhookhe rahe.
Is yaad mein sabeel lagana (thanda paani pilana) aur langar (khana batna) ek afzal aur maqbool amal hai. - Sabeel: Sadqe ka kaam hai.
- Langar: Bhookhon ko khana dena, Ahl-e-Bayt se muhabbat ka izhar.
- Hadeeth: “Jo shakhs kisi pyase ko paani pilaye, Allah usko Jannat ka Sharbat naseeb karega.”
Dalil: Ye amal Qur’an aur Sunnat ke usoolon ke mutabiq hai – jisme Allah ke nek bandon ke sadqe mein khair mangna aur unki yaad me khairat dena musalsal chalta aaya hai.
Zikr-e-Shuhada-e-Karbala
- Ashura ke din ya is mahine mein Waqia-e-Karbala ka zikr,
Imam Hussain (رضی اللّٰہ تعالیٰ عنہ) aur unke shaheed saathiyon ki qurbani ka bayan karna sawab hai. - Lekin yaad rahe: Na matam, na seena koobi – ye sab shar‘i tor par manaa hai.
- Zikr ka maqsad: Sabr, jazba-e-shahaadat aur deen ki mohabbat ka izhar ho.
- Qur’an: “Aur unko marti na kaho jo Allah ke raaste mein shaheed hue.” (Surah Baqarah)
Roza aur Namaz – Muharram ke Fazail
- Ashura ke din ya is mahine mein Waqia-e-Karbala ka zikr,
Imam HussaiMuharram ke roze Nafl hain, lekin bahut afzal hain. - 9 aur 10 ya 10 aur 11 Muharram ka roza rakhna mustahab hai.
- Sirf 10 Muharram ka roza na rakhein, kyunke ye Yahoodiyon ka tarz tha – isliye ya to pehle ka ya baad ka roza mila lein.
- Hadeeth: “Main agar agla saal paun to 9 aur 10 Muharram ka roza rakhunga.” – (Muslim Shareef)
- Namaz ka ihtimam karein, taqwa aur sabr ke saath din guzarein. Is mahine mein gunaahon se bachna aur Allah se lagao barhayein.
Kya Na-Jaiz Hai?
Muharram Mein Na-Jaiz Aur Haraam A’amaal
Taziyadaari (Be-Surat Taziya)
- Aaj kal jo be-dhang aur be-misl Taziyah banta hai, uski na koi shari’ asal hai na sunnat.
- Aise Taziyah banana, uska adab karna, khushi se usme hissa lena, uske saamne niyaz karna ya khana khana haraam wa na-jaiz hai.
- Bachcho ko faqeer banana, taziya ke ird gird tawaf karna, ya mannate maangna, dhage bandhna wagaira sab bid’at e sayyiah aur haraam hai.
- Aise amal se bacha jaye, warna kufr tak le ja sakta hai. Tauba wa istighfaar zaroori hai.
Dhol-Tashe Bajana
- Ashura ke din dhol tashe bajana ya naach gana karna sakteeh be-adabi hai.
- Ye kaam Yazeediyon ki rawayat thi, jo gham ke waqt musalmano ko chot dene ke liye kiya gaya tha.
- Aaj bhi dhol tashe bajane se jagah-jagah jhagde, awaam ki takleef aur gunaah ka sabab banta hai.
- Aise kaam chhod dena hi behtar hai.
Matam Karna (Rona, Noha, Marsiya)
- Jism ko nuqsan pohchana, chest-beating, kapde faadna, marsiya aur noha padhna ya sunna sab haraam hai.
- Khaaskar jab ye Shia rawayat ki naqal me kiya jaye to Islam se doori aur gumraahi ka sabab banta hai.
- Aise matam ka Islam me koi saboot nahi.
Kaale ya Hare Kapde Pahenna (Sog Ki Niyyat Se)
- Muharram me kaale ya hare kapde sog manane ki niyyat se pahenna na-jaiz aur haraam hai.
- Agar niyyat sog ki nahi bhi hai to bhi is din ye rang pahenne se parhez karna behtar hai taake bid’at ka sabab na bane.
Sog Manana (3 Din Se Zyada)
- Islam me sirf 3 din tak sog manana jaiz hai. Uske baad sog me rahna, khaana banana band karna, safai na karna, naye kapde na pahenna sab na-jaiz aur haraam hai.
- Waqya e Karbala par aankhon me aansu aana jazba e imani hai, lekin rozmarra ki zindagi ruk dena sog ke taur par haraam hai.
Imam Bada (Jaha Taziya Rakha Jaye)
- Jis jagah Taziya rakha jata hai usay “Imam Bada” kaha jata hai, lekin ye na Qur’an me hai na Hadith me.
- Imam Bade ka adab wa tazim karna na-jaiz hai. Ye bid’at hai.
Banawti Karbala
- Asli Karbala Iraq me hai, jahan Imam Husain رضی اللّٰہ تعالیٰ عنہ aur aapke Ashaab shaheed hue.
- Hamare ilaqon me jo jagah “Karbala” ke naam se mashhoor hai jahan Taziya dubaya ya dafnaya jata hai, uski shar’an koi haqiqat nahi.
- Banawti Karbala jana, uska adab karna haraam aur na-jaiz hai.
Taziyadaari Aur Qur’an
بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْمِ
الَّذِیْنَ اتَّخَذُوْا دِیْنَهُمْ لَهْوًا وَّ لَعِبًا وَّ غَرَّتْهُمُ الْحَیٰوةُ الدُّنْیَا ۚ- فَالْیَوْمَ نَنْسٰىهُمْ كَمَا نَسُوْا لِقَآءَ یَوْمِهِمْ هٰذَا ۙ – وَمَا كَانُوْا بِاٰیٰتِنَا یَجْحَدُوْنَ
Tarjuma :
“Woh log jinhon ne apne deen ko sirf khel tamasha bana liya, aur duniya ki zindagi ne unhein dhoka diya to aaj Hum unhein chhod denge jaise unhon ne is din ki mulaqat ka khayal chhod diya tha, aur jaise woh Hamari aayaton ka inkaar karte the.”
(Surah Al-A’raaf, Ayat 51)
Aaj jab hum Muharram ke mahine me dekhte hain ke log Deen ke naam par aise aamaal kar rahe hain jo na sirf Qur’an wa Sunnat ke khilaf hain, balki deen ko khel tamasha bana diya gaya hai, to inhi logon ke liye Qur’an ne is ayat me sakht tanbeeh farmaayi hai.
- Jo log bedhang taziye banate hain, unka adab karte hain, uske samne tawaf, mannat, rona, chaadar chadhana, khaana chadhana, ya banawti Karbala banana — ye sab Qur’an ke isi hukum me aate hain.
- Deen ka asal maqsad ‘Ibaadat e Ilahi’, ‘Zikr e Rasool ﷺ’ aur ‘Haqq ki pehchaan’ hai — na ke kuch aise aamaal jin ka na Qur’an me zikr hai, na Hadees me misaal.
Taziyadaari Aur Hadees
Hadees #1: Mayyat ke gham me cheekh pukar aur kapde phaadna haraam hai
Mafhoom: “Jo shakhs mayyat ke gham me gaal peete, kapde faadta hai, aur Zamana e Jahiliyat ki tarah cheekh pukar karta hai, wo hum me se nahi.”
Sahih Bukhari – Jild 1, Safa 17
Is Hadees ka maqsad: Islam me sabr aur tawakkul ka hukm hai. Matam aur noha karna Jahiliyat ka tarz hai.
Hadees #2: Noha se mana
Sahih Bukhari – Jild 2, Safa 726
Hazrat Umme Atiyya رضی اللّٰہ تعالیٰ عنہا farmati hain:
“Rasoolullah ﷺ ne hume Noha karne se roka.”
Tafseer: Noha karna yani cheekh cheekh kar rona, mayyat par aafat ka shor machana — Islam me mamnu’ hai.
Hadees #3: Dhol, Baaje, Bansuri se Nafrat
Mishkaat Sharif – Safa 318, Kitab-ul-Amaraat, Fasl-e-Saalis
Huzoor ﷺ ne farmaya:
“Allah Ta’ala ne mujhe hukm diya hai ke main dhol, baaje aur bansuri ko mita doon.”
Nateeja: Taziyadaari me dhol-taashe, majlison me shor sharaba, music chalana — sab is Hadees ke khilaf hai.
Hadees #4: Dhol Tasha ko Halal karne wale gumrah
Sahih Bukhari – Jild 2, Safa 837
Huzoor ﷺ ne irshaad farmaya:
“Meri ummat me aise log aayenge jo dhol, taashe aur music ke alaajaat ko halal qarar denge.”
Is Hadees se sabit hota hai ke aise log gumrah aur halakat ke raste par honge jo deen me music aur tamasha daakhil karenge.
Aakhri Paighaam
“Imam Hussain رضی اللہ عنہ ki yaad us waqt zinda hoti hai jab ek Musalman haqq ke liye awaz uthata hai, Sunnat par amal karta hai, aur deen ko khel tamasha banane se bachata hai.”
To aaiye! Hum sab milkar tauba karein, bid’aat se nijat paayein, aur Imam Hussain رضی اللہ عنہ ki asli taleem — sabr, taqwa, aur haqq par isteqamat — ko apne zindagi ka hissa banayein.
Agar aap Imam Hussain رضی اللہ عنہ se sachchi muhabbat rakhte hain, to is paighaam ko aage tak zaroor pohchayein!
Apno ke saath share karein taa-ke wo bhi asal sunnat aur haqiqi sabq jaan sakein.
Aaj ek sach bolna, ek sach phailana bhi Karbala ka saath dena hai.
Aapki Raaye Hamare Liye Aham Hai!
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Dosto ke saath bhi share karna na bhoolen!
Shukriya!
– Jazakallahu Khair / جزاک اللہ خیر –