Imam Azam Abu Hanifa | Short Biography

Ek Be-misal Ilmi Silsila Ki Ibtida

Islam ki tareekh me bohot se azeem ulema guzre hain, magar jab fiqh aur qanoon ki baat aati hai to Imam Azam Abu Hanifa ka naam sab se pehle liya jata hai. Aap sirf ek buzurg faqih hi nahi, balki ek aisi ilmi tehreek ke baani bhi the jo aaj tak dunya bhar me mashhoor hai. Aapka ilm, taqwa aur istiqaamat ek misaal hai jo rehmat aur hikmat ka behtareen namoona hai.

Aap ne apni zindagi Qur’an aur Sunnat ki roshni me guzaari aur hamesha haqq aur insaaf ka daaman thaame rakha. Aapka fiqhi nazriya aur qanooni faham Musalmanon ke liye ek rahnuma hai, jisse har dor me rehnumai hasil hoti hai. Aap ke talmeez, jinme Imam Abu Yusuf aur Imam Muhammad jaise buzurg shamil hain, aapke ilm ko aage barhane ka sabab bane. Aap ka fiqhi nizaam sirf ek shakhsi tajziya nahi tha, balki ek ilmi jamaat ki raye ka natiqa tha, jise duniya aaj bhi Hanafi Fiqh ke naam se jaanti hai.

Aap ki ilm dosti aur adal pasandi ne aapko Musalmanon ke behtareen ulema me shamil kar diya. Aap ka fiqh sirf ek qanooni nizaam nahi, balki ek aise ilmi zakhire ka hissa hai jo Musalmanon ki rozmarra zindagi ko asaan banata hai aur unhein deen par amal karne me madad deta hai.

Naam, Kunniyat Aur Wafaat

Imam Azam Abu Hanifa Rahmatullah Ta’ala Alaih ka asal naam Nauman, walid ka naam Sabit, kunniyat Abu Hanifa aur laqab Imam-e-Azam hai. Aap 80 Hijri mein Koofa mein paida huye aur 70 saal ki umr paakar, 2 Shaban-ul-Muazzam 150 Hijri mein wafat payi.

(Tareekh Baghdad, Jild 13, Safa: 331, Nazha Al-Qari Jild 1, Safa: 219).

Aaj bhi aapka mazaar Baghdad Sharif ke qabristan Khizrān mein marja-e-khala’iq hai.

A’immah-e-Arba’ah (4 Imam) Mein Bartari

A’immah-e-Arba’ah yani charon Imam (Imam Abu Hanifa, Imam Shafi’i, Imam Malik aur Imam Ahmad bin Hambal Rahmatullahi Ta’ala Alaihim) barhaq hain aur in charon ke muqaddisin aapas mein bhai bhai hain. Sayyidina Imam Azam Abu Hanifa Rahmatullah Ta’ala Alaih charon Imamon mein buland martaba hain. Aap ek tabaee hain, yani aise shakhs jinhon ne kisi sahabi se imaan ki halat mein mulaqat ki ho aur imaan par unka khatma hua ho.

(Nazha Al-Nazar Fi Tawdih Nakhbat Al-Fikr, Safa 113, Mukhtasaran).

Sahaba Karam Se Nisbat

Sayyidina Imam Azam Rahmatullahi Ta’ala Alaih ne mukhtalif riwayaton ke mutabiq chand Sahaba karam Rahmatullahi Ta’ala Alaihim se mulaqat ka sharaf hasil kiya hai. Ba’z sahaba karam se barah-e-rast Sarwar-e-Kainat Sallallahu Ta’ala Alaihi Wa Sallam ke irshadat bhi sune hain.

(Al-Khairat Al-Hasan, Safa: 33)

Shakhsiyat Aur Aadat

Hazrat Sayyidna Abu Nuaim Rahmatullahi Ta’ala Alaih farmate hain:

Imam Azam Abu Hanifa Rahmatullah Ta’ala Alaih ki shakhsiyat noorani thi.

Aapka chehra, libas aur joote behtareen hote the.

Har shakhs ki madad farmate aur khushboo kasrat se istemal karte.

Aapka qad darmiyanah tha aur zyada khoobsurat andaaz mein kalam farmate.

Bahar nikalte waqt achhi khushboo se pehchane jate.

Ilm, Ibadat Aur Taqwa

Hazrat Sayyidna Imam Azam Rahmatullahi Ta’ala Alaih din bhar ilm-e-deen ki isha’at (tableegh) ke sath sath, Quran Pak ki tilawat aur sari raat ibadat o riyaazat mein masroof rehte. Hazrat Mashar bin Kadam Rahmatullahi Ta’ala Alaih farmate hain:

Main Imam Azam Abu Hanifa Rahmatullah Ta’ala Alaih ki masjid mein hazir hua, dekha ke namaz-e-fajr ada karne ke baad aap logon ko sara din ilm-e-deen parhate.

Is doran sirf namazon ke waqfe hote.

Isha ke baad apne ghar tashrif le jaate, phir jaldi sada libas pehen kar aur itr laga kar masjid aate aur nawafil mein mashgool ho jate.

Yeh silsila teen din tak dekha, har din yahi mamool raha, phir main ne faisla kiya ke apni zindagi aap ki khidmat mein guzarunga.

Main ne dekha ke aap din mein kabhi roza aur raat ko kabhi ibadat se ghaafil nahi rehte. Sirf zohar se pehle thodi dair araam farmate.

(Al-Manaqib Al-Mufaq Jild 2: 230-231, Ashkon Ki Barsat, Safa 6)

Imam Azam Abu Hanifa Ki Ilmi Khidmat

Aap ke talaba ki tadaad lagbhag 4000 thi, jin me se 40 azeem fuqaha aur muhaddiseen the.

(Tareekh Baghdad, Jild 13, Safa 333)

Aap ka sabse mashhoor shagird Imam Abu Yusuf Rahmatullahi Ta’ala Alaih hain, jo pehle qadri qazi-ul-quzat bane.

(Siyar A’lam al-Nubala, Jild 6, Safa 394)

Fiqh-e-Hanafi ka bunyadi tashkeel Imam Abu Hanifa aur unke talaba ne di, jo aaj duniya bhar me aam hai.

(Tabaqat al-Fuqaha, Safa 143)

Imam Azam Abu Hanifa Ka Istiqaamat

Jab Khalifa Mansoor ne aapko qazi banane ka kaha to aap ne inkar kar diya, jiske natije me aapko qaid kar diya gaya aur phir zehr de diya gaya.

(Tareekh Al-Khulafa, Safa 210)

Aap ne apni zindagi ilm aur ibadat ke liye waqf kar di aur duniya ki lalach se door rahe.

(Al-Intiqa Fi Faza’il Al-A’immah Al-Thalathah, Safa 168)

Nateeja: Aik Roshan Chiragh

Imam Azam Abu Hanifa Rahmatullah Ta’ala Alaih sirf aik ilmi shakhsiyat nahi balki aik roshan chiragh hain jo qiyamat tak logon ko roshni faraham karte rahenge. Aap ka ilm, taqwa, sabr aur adal insaniyat ke liye misaal hai. Aap ka fiqh sirf ek ilmi kaarname se barh kar ek mashal-e-raah hai jo har daur ke logon ke liye rahnumai ka zariya hai.

– Jazakallahu Khiar/جزاک اللہ خیر –